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The difference between Raphael de Sanzio and Andrea di Bonaiuto in their artistic treatments of the fundamental differences between Plato and Aristotle is a matter of great importance for the epistemology of axiomatics, because it is timeless. Raphael explicitly represented the two philosophers in his painting, The School of Athens, as two opposite figures, one pointing upward to the domain of ideas and the other pointing downward to the domain of the senses. Almost a hundred and fifty years before, Andrea di Bonaiuto painted three frescos representing the same difference through a process of axiomatic transformation from one to the other in his masterful composition of the Spanish Chapel, in Florence.

ANDREA DI BONAIUTO, THOMAS AQUINAS, AND THE UNITY OF OPPOSITES 

Joan of Arc’s real genius was her ability to wield the epistemological ideas that overturned the backward axioms of the Middle Ages and create a Renaissance. As historian Gabriel Hanotaux wrote:

“Joan of Arc saved France; she also helped save Christianity out of the crisis where the moral unity of the world had become in great danger of failing. It is fitting, therefore, that the Church erect her on its altar, as it is fitting that France and humanity celebrates her for all times to come.”               Gabriel Hanotaux, Jeanne d’Arc.

JOAN OF ARC AND EPISTEMOLOGY

One of the most fascinating discoveries I had the pleasure of making while translating Gabriel Hanotaux’s Jeanne d’Arc, (Edition Hachette, 1911) has been the constant revelations he made to the strategy of the Anglo-Burgundian policy; that is to say, the references to the alliances between the Duke of Burgundy and the “Lotharingian Empire”, which the Duke Philip the Good was determined to reconstruct for his own benefit; however, an axiomatic intervention from Heaven thwarted the full realization of such an evil plan…

As a former Foreign Affairs Minister of the French Government, Gabriel Hanotaux knew perfectly well that in the wake of the Sudanese Fashoda incident and its resulting 1904 Alliance Cordiale between France and the United Kingdom, the British were preparing France for a new war against Germany. This means that the 1911 publication of JEANNE D’ARC was a very timely event bringing the French people together in the spirit of Joan of Arc in an attempt to steer France away from war.

However, the French oligarchy did not see fit to welcome this book with great enthusiasm because of its previous commitment with England. The publication of this book was very untimely for the so-called “Alliance Cordiale.” The British-French “friendship” could not afford to be troubled by an historian who was digging up the truth about the Lotharingian Empire out from under the feet of Perfidious Albion. The present report will tell you why.

JOAN OF ARC’S BATTLE AGAINST THE LOTHARINGIAN EMPIRE

Lyndon LaRouche said:

“The lesson to be learned from those and my other successes in long-range forecasting, is, that the ability to forecast long-range economic trends, depends upon a correct identification of the set of definitions, axioms, and postulates, which underlie the way in which successive, even radical changes in policy-making will be shaped over the relevant period ahead.

“The only cause for the cyclical forms of financial crashes, is that influential people swindle governments, other economic institutions, and the population more widely, into blind faith in a certain “generally accepted” set of definitions, axioms, and postulates, a set of axiomatics which is, in fact, not only false, but, ultimately, more or less fatally so.”

LYNDON LAROUCHE, HOW TO TELL THE FUTURE, 1999

The reason why some people have difficulties dealing with anomalies is because they observe them without having a clue as to what the basis for their observation should be about; that is, they are not looking for what’s not there.

When you find an anomaly, either in physics, in the world strategic situation, or in artistic composition, I recommend you follow Einstein’s advice, which is: “It is the theory which decides what can be observed.”

HOW TO DEAL WITH ANOMALIES